Wer gewinnt? Wer verliert? : Die Entwicklung auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt seit den frühen Jahren der Bundesrepublik bis heute
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183582
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Bertelsmann Stiftung
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Gütersloh
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Abstract
"Seit der Gründung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland haben verschiedene Megatrends die Entwicklungen auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt maßgeblich beeinflusst. Insbesondere die voranschreitende Globalisierung hat zur weiteren Öffnung der deutschen Volkswirtschaft geführt und den sektoralen Strukturwandel, das heißt den Wandel von der Industrie- zur Dienstleistungsgesellschaft, beschleunigt. Gleichzeitig hat das durchschnittliche Wirtschaftswachstum seit den 1950er-Jahren bedeutend nachgelassen. Auf dem Arbeitsmarkt wurden zudem schon Jahrzehnte vor der Einführung der Hartz-Reformen Flexibilisierungsmaßnahmen durchgesetzt, um einem Anstieg der Arbeitslosigkeit entgegenzuwirken. Insgesamt unterlag der Arbeitsmarkt in den vergangenen 60 Jahren einem starken Wandel. Die vorliegende Studie fragt nach den Gewinnern und Verlierern dieser Entwicklung: Welche Bevölkerungsgruppen haben von den Dynamiken der letzten Jahrzehnte besonders stark profitiert, welche weniger stark? Ein multidimensionaler Analyseansatz ermöglicht es, in den Bereichen Bildung, Arbeitsmarktbeteiligung und Einkommensentwicklung aussagekräftige Erkenntnisse zu gewinnen. Für die Bestimmung von Gewinnern und Verlierern der Arbeitsmarktentwicklungen werden aufbauend auf diesen drei Großen neben der individuellen Perspektive auch verschiedene Haushaltstypen berücksichtigt." (Textauszug; BIBB-Doku)
"Since the Federal Republic of Germany was established in 1949, several megatrends have shaped the course of developments in the country's labor market. The forward march of globalization in particular has expedited structural change - that is the shift from an industrial to a service economy - and has opened up the German economy even further. At the same time, the average rate of economic growth has slowed significantly since the 1950s. In addition, even a good twenty years before the Hartz reforms were introduced, flexibility measures had been implemented to counteract rising unemployment. Overall, Germany's labor market has been subject to major changes in the last 60 years. The study presented here takes a closer look at the winners and losers in the context of these developments. Which population groups have, in the last 50 to 60 years, benefited in particular from these changes, and which less so? The multidimensional analysis underpinning this study allows for relevant findings in the areas of education, labor market participation and income development. In order to determine the winners and losers in the context of a changing labor market, we have looked at each area in terms of individuals and household types." (excerpt; BIBB-Doku)
"Since the Federal Republic of Germany was established in 1949, several megatrends have shaped the course of developments in the country's labor market. The forward march of globalization in particular has expedited structural change - that is the shift from an industrial to a service economy - and has opened up the German economy even further. At the same time, the average rate of economic growth has slowed significantly since the 1950s. In addition, even a good twenty years before the Hartz reforms were introduced, flexibility measures had been implemented to counteract rising unemployment. Overall, Germany's labor market has been subject to major changes in the last 60 years. The study presented here takes a closer look at the winners and losers in the context of these developments. Which population groups have, in the last 50 to 60 years, benefited in particular from these changes, and which less so? The multidimensional analysis underpinning this study allows for relevant findings in the areas of education, labor market participation and income development. In order to determine the winners and losers in the context of a changing labor market, we have looked at each area in terms of individuals and household types." (excerpt; BIBB-Doku)