Umgang mit Komplexität : eine bedeutsame psychische Voraussetzung des domänenspezifischen Problemlösens
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Abstract
"In der Studie wurde untersucht, ob der Umgang mit Komplexität für das domänenspezifische Problemlösen bedeutsam ist. Der Umgang mit Komplexität wurde als interindividuell variierende psychische Ressource konzeptualisiert, die eine (sehr) große inhaltliche Überlappung mit der Arbeitsgedächtniskapazität aufweist. Theoretisch wurde vermutet, dass bei domänenspezifischen Problemen unterschiedlicher Komplexität ein unterschiedliches Ausmaß an Umgang mit Komplexität erforderlich ist und diese Probleme deshalb von unterschiedlich vielen Personen gelöst werden, d. h. unterschiedlich schwierig sind. Empirisch wurde erwartet, dass die Problemkomplexität die Problemschwierigkeit beeinflusst. Untersucht wurde diese Hypothese regressionsanalytisch mit Auszubildenden der Kfz-Mechatronik (n = 275) und 13 Kfz-Fehlerdiagnose-Problemen, deren Komplexität a priori kodiert und deren Schwierigkeit Rasch-basiert bestimmt wurde. Der erwartete Effekt war erst nach Ausschluss eines Problems festzustellen. Neben diesem Widerspruch wird im Beitrag auch diskutiert, warum die in Anlehnung an den Forschungsstand vorgenommene und mit vielen domänenspezifischen Kompetenzmodellen assoziierte Konzeptualisierung des Umgangs mit Komplexität für die fachdidaktische Forschung problematisch ist." (Autorenreferat, BIBB-Doku)
"The aim of the study was to investigate the role of coping with complexity in domain-specific problem-solving. According to the state of the art coping with complexity was considered a mental resource, which is limited, varies among individuals and can largely be understood as working memory capacity. Theoretically, it was expected that problems of varying levels of complexity demand different "quantities" of coping with complexity. Thus, they are solved by a varying number of people, which means that their difficulty varies. Empirically, it was assumed that the complexity of problems influences the problems' difficulty. This hypo thesis was examined by means of a sample of car mechatronics (n = 275) and 13 problems (troubleshooting scenarios). The complexity of the problems was defined a priori and their difficulties were determined applying the Rasch model. The results showed that there is an influence of the problems' complexity on their difficulty. However, one problem must be excluded from the statistical analysis. Finally, this unexpected finding is discussed. Furthermore, the discussion addresses the conceptualisation of coping with complexity as working memory capacity, which can be problematic in didactical contexts." (author's abstract)
"The aim of the study was to investigate the role of coping with complexity in domain-specific problem-solving. According to the state of the art coping with complexity was considered a mental resource, which is limited, varies among individuals and can largely be understood as working memory capacity. Theoretically, it was expected that problems of varying levels of complexity demand different "quantities" of coping with complexity. Thus, they are solved by a varying number of people, which means that their difficulty varies. Empirically, it was assumed that the complexity of problems influences the problems' difficulty. This hypo thesis was examined by means of a sample of car mechatronics (n = 275) and 13 problems (troubleshooting scenarios). The complexity of the problems was defined a priori and their difficulties were determined applying the Rasch model. The results showed that there is an influence of the problems' complexity on their difficulty. However, one problem must be excluded from the statistical analysis. Finally, this unexpected finding is discussed. Furthermore, the discussion addresses the conceptualisation of coping with complexity as working memory capacity, which can be problematic in didactical contexts." (author's abstract)
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